Fate of the herbicides mecoprop, dichlorprop, and 2,4-D in aerobic and anaerobic sewage sludge as determined by laboratory batch studies and enantiomer-specific analysis.
- Zipper C Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
- Bolliger C
- Fleischmann T
- Suter MJ
- Angst W
- Müller MD
- Kohler HP
- 2000-01-14
Published in:
- Biodegradation. - 1999
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid
Biodegradation, Environmental
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Herbicides
Kinetics
Sewage
Stereoisomerism
English
Aerobic degradation experiments with the racemic mixtures of mecoprop and dichlorprop revealed that activated sludge collected from the aeration tank of a municipal waste water treatment plant degraded both enantiomers of mecoprop and dichlorprop within 7 days, albeit in an enantioselective manner; the (S) enantiomers were preferentially degraded. Mecoprop, dichlorprop, and 2,4-D were completely metabolized under aerobic conditions, as shown by the 86-98% elimination of dissolved organic carbon. Under anaerobic conditions, the concentration of 2,4-D decreased exponentially with a first-order reaction rate constant of 0.24 per day and without a lag-phase. After an incubation time of 17 days, 2,4-D was completely removed. 2,4-Dichlorophenol was the main metabolite of anaerobic 2,4-D degradation; only traces of 4-chlorophenol were detected. In contrast, the chiral phenoxypropionic acid herbicides mecoprop and dichlorprop persisted under anaerobic conditions during 49 days of incubation.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- green
- Identifiers
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- DOI 10.1023/a:1008396022622
- PMID 10633543
- Persistent URL
- https://roar.hep-bejune.ch/global/documents/180752
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